There is a change in the bacterial flora of the mouth during this stage which together with a greater consumption by carbohydrates and sweets in particular by the pregnant increases the risk of cavities.*

Therefore, during this time, specific care should be taken to preserve oral health, which includes not only careful oral hygiene but adequate nutrition.

Feeding

Adequate intake of vitamins A and vitamin D and minerals such as calcium and phosphorus are important, and their contribution is essential for the formation of the bones and teeth of the future baby.

It is also necessary an adequate supply of lipids among which are essential fatty acids such as linoleic and alpha linoleic, which are precursors of omega 3 and omega 6 and are fundamental, among other things for the proper development of the nervous system.

The quality proteins that provide meat, fish, eggs and milk are essential as a building material for all the baby’s organs.

It is important also an adequate supply of carbohydrates but we have to distinguish between complex and simple carbohydrates. Complex carbohydrates are in bread, pasta, rice etc. And these are the main source of slow release energy and are necessary for an adequate nutritional balance and for the development of the baby. Simple or refined carbohydrates are more cariogenic than complexes and belong to this group sugar and sweet foods such as candies, cakes, pastries etc.

Recommendations

It is important that the pregnant patient enters a preventive program of oral hygiene so that there are routine controls of plaque, diagnosis and evaluation of the periodontal condition.

Education to the patient: possible impact of the periodontal infection on its state of pregnancy, Basic periodontal therapy, previous motivation during and after the gestational period, maintenance periodontal health and desirable effect on the health of the baby.

It is necessary at this stage of pregnancy to extreme dental care. Careful cleaning will remove plaque that is the cause of tooth decay and gingivitis.

It is preferable to use a toothpaste containing fluoride, which is antibacterial and strengthens the tooth enamel.

Every woman in the gestation period should attend the dentist to prevent complications due to cavities and gum disease.

All dental treatment that the patient requires during this stage should be performed. Complex or more demanding procedures, such as oral x-rays, root canal treatments, or oral rehabilitation procedures, should be postponed until after delivery.

* Written by Dr. Alexandra Castañeda.